汶川余震序列的加卸载响应比分析     

张浪平  尹祥础  庄建仓  张晓涛  袁帅  梁乃刚 《地震》2009,29(1):60-67

该文首先将汶川余震序列分成西南、 东北两段, 用加卸载响应比方法分别进行分析, 结果表明震后两段的响应比值都比较低, 明显小于1, 这可判断汶川地震属于主余震型地震; 且地震序列中的强余震(M≥5.0)发生前加卸载响应比值出现明显异常, 大都是加卸载响应比出现峰值, 之后发生强余震。 考虑到主震后余震的时空丛集现象, 结合ETAS模型对原有的加卸载响应比计算式进行改造, 并分析了主震之后15天的改造后响应比值, 发现改造后的响应比在一定程度上消除了丛集的影响, 并展示了对紧随主震发生的强余震的预测能力。  相似文献   

Characteristics of the May 12,2008 Wenchuan M_S8.0 Earthquake Sequence and Discussion on Relevant Problems     

Jiang Haikun  Li Mingxiao  Wu Qiong  Song Jin 《中国地震研究》2009,23(1):34-47

The aftershock activity of the May 12, 2008 Wenchuan Ms8.0 Earthquake Sequence shows an obvious segmented feature. Most of the large aftershocks were distributed in the north and south parts of the aftershock zone. Thrusting was dominant with a small amount of strike-slip component in the south part. The aftershock activity decayed gradually, presenting the sequence features of a mainshock-aftershock pattern. The north part was the ending area of the maiushock fracture where strike-slipping was dominant, showing an obvious swarm feature. Therefore it became the major area for large aftershocks. The modulation of the earth tide on aftershock activity is remarkable; most large aftershocks occur during the period of flood and neap tide. The time period around 16:00 was the dominant occurring time for large aftershocks. The p-value, a parameter of modified Omori formula, increases gradually with time, and reaches about 1 at the end. Based on previous study, the sequence patterns, magnitude of maximum aftershock, as well as the duration of aftershock activity has been discussed. The primary results also show that the magnitude difference between the maiushockand the maximum aftershock is proportional to the rupture size of the maiushock for huge earthquakes of about Ms8.0. This means that when the magnitudes of the earthquakes are nearly the same, large rupture size corresponds to sufficient energy release.  相似文献   

云南宁洱M_S 6.4地震震后电磁效应   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

徐光晶  汤吉  陈小斌  肖骑彬  王继军  蔡军涛  王立凤  詹艳  汪晓 《地震地质》2009,31(2):305-312

2007年6月3日宁洱县境内发生6.4级地震,在地震区跨越宁洱东支断裂进行了为期14d的余震序列宽频带电磁异常连续观测。在固定台站的电场和磁场时间序列记录中,观测到多次余震事件的电磁同震现象。取每2h观测资料进行了加窗傅氏变换,得到不同频率的功率谱随时间的变化曲线。结果表明,MS3.0以上的余震发生前后,电磁场各分量频率谱峰值出现了显著的变化,地震后的峰值波动也许与时间域的同震效应相对应,而地震前发生的峰值跳跃有可能为电磁前兆现象。此外,本文对同震电磁信号产生机理进行了讨论,推测这种现象可能与地震发电机机制有关  相似文献   

基于活动地块边界带的汶川强余震迁移分析     

薛丁  张建业  王立巍 《高原地震》2009,21(2):1-3

对汶川地震序列分析,发现该序列中ML≥5．0级的强余震活动空间上存在明显空段,强余震围绕该空段有反复迁移发生特征。基于上述现象,作者从地震地质和经纬方向余震迁移的角度上做了一些研究,较为定量地为震区预测发震地点提供了简单依据。  相似文献   

汶川M_S8.0级地震发生背景与过程的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

陈章立  赵翠萍  王勤彩  华卫  周连庆  史海霞  陈翰林 《地球物理学报》2009,52(2):455-463

本文首先阐明汶川M_S8.0级地震发生在由区域布格重力异常和地震震中分布所确定的武都—松潘—茂汶—汶川—泸定地震带上.汶川地震所在地段是地震前兆和中小地震（M≤7.0）的空白区,震前出现明显的孕震空区,M_S8.0级地震发生在空区周围区域中小地震活动峰值之后的减少段里.地震的破裂超出孕震空区范围,空区内、外余震活动呈现出不同的衰减特征,依此将余震活动分为WS和NE两个区段.地震破裂过程、4级以上余震矩张量及震区应力场反演和余震应力降的测定结果表明,两个区域的位错、余震机制解和应力降及最大主应力的方〖JP2〗向等明显有别.根据这些特征和地震应力触发的研究,推测NE段地震的发生可能是〖JP〗由WS段主破裂的发生所触发.  相似文献   

2014年新疆于田MS7.3地震序列特征及早期趋势判断     

宋春燕  张琳琳  聂晓红  夏爱国  魏芸芸 《地震研究》2014,37(4)

介绍了2014年2月12日新疆于田MS7.3地震的基本参数、发震构造和地震序列特征,并与2008年于田MS7.3地震序列特征进行对比分析.结果显示,2014年于田MS7.3地震有MS5.4直接前震,序列强余震频次低、余震衰减较快,目前最大余震震级为MS5.7;通过分析历史地震序列类型、计算于田单台序列的h值、6值、主震释放的能量与序列能量的比值等参数,初步判断于田MS7.3地震序列为“前震—主震—余震型”.  相似文献   

The damage investigation of inelastic SDOF structure under the mainshock–aftershock sequence-type ground motions     

《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2014

  相似文献   

2014 年新疆于田MS 7. 3 地震序列特征及早期趋势判断     

宋春燕  张琳琳  聂晓红  夏爱国  魏芸芸 《中国地震研究》2015,29(3):352-362

介绍了2014年2月12日新疆于田MS7. 3 地震的基本参数、发震构造和地震序列特征,并与2008 年于田MS7. 3 地震序列特征进行对比分析。结果显示,2014 年于田MS7. 3 地震有MS5. 4 直接前震,序列强余震频次低、余震衰减较快,目前最大余震震级为MS5. 7; 通过分析历史地震序列类型、计算于田单台序列的h 值、b 值、主震释放的能量与序列能量的比值等参数,初步判断于田MS7. 3 地震序列为“前震—主震—余震型”。  相似文献   

Framework of aftershock fragility assessment–case studies: older California reinforced concrete building frames          下载免费PDF全文

Jong‐Su Jeon  Reginald DesRoches  Laura N. Lowes  Ioannis Brilakis 《地震工程与结构动力学》2015,44(15):2617-2636

Current seismic design codes and damage estimation tools neglect the influence of successive events on structures. However, recent earthquakes have demonstrated that structures damaged during an initial event (mainshock) are more vulnerable to severe damage and collapse during a subsequent event (aftershock). This increased vulnerability to damage translates to increased likelihood of loss of use, property, and life. Thus, a reliable risk assessment tool is required that characterizes the risk of the undamaged structure subjected to an initial event and the risk of the damaged structure under subsequent events. In this paper, a framework for development of aftershock fragilities is presented; these aftershock fragilities define the likelihood that a building damaged during a mainshock will exhibit a given damage state following one or more aftershocks. Thus, the framework provides a method for characterizing the risk associated with damage accumulation in the structure. The framework includes the following: (i) creation of a numerical model of the structure; (ii) characterization of building damage states; (iii) generation of a suite of mainshock–aftershocks; (iv) mainshock–aftershock analyses; and (v) development of aftershock fragility curves using probabilistic aftershock demand models, defined as a linear regression of aftershock demand–intensity pairs in a logarithmic space, and damage‐state prediction models. The framework is not limited to a specific structure type but requires numerical models defining structural response and linking structural response with damage. In the current study, non‐ductile RC frames (low‐rise, mid‐rise, and high‐rise) are selected as case studies for the application of the framework. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

介质黏滞性质对余震活动影响的数值模拟   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

曲均浩  蒋海昆  宋金  李金 《地震地质》2015,37(1)

假定主震破裂面上残余凹凸体的破裂导致余震,残余凹凸体尺度符合分形分布,在破裂面上随机分布,残余凹凸体破裂/失稳强度符合对数正态分布;以岩石圈下部粘弹介质震后应力松弛作为导致残余凹凸体破裂的动力输入,加载应力按负指数形式衰减;以库仑破裂准则作为失稳判据,考虑残余凹凸体破裂对附近区域的应力加载,在不同条件下模拟生成包含时、空、强三要素的人工"余震"序列。通过G-R关系及修改的大森公式,检测模拟输出与实际余震活动统计特征的吻合程度,以此作为进一步调整模型参数的依据。在此基础上重点讨论介质黏滞性质对余震活动的影响。结果显示:表征岩石物理特性的黏滞系数对余震活动持续时间、衰减快慢起重要的控制作用,黏滞系数与衰减系数之间显示负指数的相关关系。余震序列G-R关系与黏滞系数关系不大,主要受控于残余凹凸体的尺度分布,即与构造不均匀性关系更为密切。  相似文献